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Variation characteristics of atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide in summertime at a coastal site in the SouthChina Sea

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第11期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-022-1574-z

摘要：

● Diurnal patterns of CH₄ and CO₂ are clearly extracted using EEMD.

关键词： Methane Carbon dioxide Diurnal pattern Ensemble empirical mode decomposition South China Sea Sea breeze

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properties of gas hydrate-bearing unconsolidated sediment samples from the ultra-deepwater area in the SouthChina Sea

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第3期页码 509-520 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0786-4

摘要： Marine natural gas hydrate has recently attracted global attention as a potential new clean energy source. Laboratory measurements of various physical properties of gas hydrate-bearing marine sediments can provide valuable information for developing efficient and safe extraction technology of natural gas hydrates. This study presents comprehensive measurement results and analysis of drilled hydrate-bearing sediments samples recovered from Qiongdongnan Basin in the South China Sea. The results show that the gas hydrate in the core samples is mainly methane hydrate with a methane content of approximately 95%, and the other components are ethane and carbon dioxide. The saturation of the samples fluctuates from 2%–60%, the porosity is approximately 38%–43%, and the water content is approximately 30%–50%, which indicate that high water saturation means that timely drainage should be paid attention to during hydrate extraction. In addition, the median diameter of the sediment samples is mainly distributed in the range of 15 to 34 μm, and attention should be paid to the prevention and control of sand production in the mining process. Moreover, the thermal conductivity is distributed in the range of 0.75 to 0.96 W/(m∙K) as measured by the flat plate heat source method. The relatively low thermal conductivity of hydrates at this study site indicates that a combined approach is encouraged for natural gas production technologies. It is also found that clay flakes and fine particles are attached to the surface of large particles in large numbers. Such characteristics will lead to insufficient permeability during the production process.

关键词： natural gas hydrates physical properties analysis hydrate-bearing sediments

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The abundance, characteristics and diversity of microplastics in the South China Sea: Observation around

Hongzhe Chen , Sumin Wang , Huige Guo , Yunlong Huo , Hui Lin , Yuanbiao Zhang

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年第16卷第1期页码 9-9 doi: 10.1007/s11783-021-1443-1

摘要： Surrounded by emerging markets with considerable plastic consumption, the South China Sea has been a focus area of microplastic research. A survey on the floating microplastics (>0.3 mm) and microplastics ingested by fish and mollusks was conducted around three remote islands here. Compared with the results from several previous studies, a high abundance of floating microplastics (with a median of 1.9 × 105 items/km2 or 0.7 items/m3) was observed, revealing another “hot spot” for microplastics. Polyolefin, especially polypropylene, was the main component. The diversity index and evenness index were calculated and evaluated based on the composition of microplastics. The characteristic peaks of Raman spectra concerning pigmented microplastics were provided. Transparent sheets/films were predominant in the water sample, which was quite different from a similar study in this sea area (8.9% for film), and only 16.4% of floating microplastics (>0.3 mm) were fibers/lines, implying that the main sources of floating microplastics (>0.3 mm) might be household/agricultural consumption activities. The transparent fiber/line was also dominant in organisms. It is suggested that the main sources of microplastics ingested by organisms might be both fabric fibers and fishing/aquaculture.

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南海北部深水区油气勘探进展与未来展望

米立军 ,周守为 ,谢玉洪 ,张功成 ,杨海长

《中国工程科学》 2022年第24卷第3期页码 58-65 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2022.03.007

摘要：

加大油气勘探开发力度，减少石油和天然气对外依存度，保障国家能源安全是关系国家经济社会发展的全局性、战略性问题。“十一五”以来，中国海洋石油集团有限公司在南海北部深水领域持续加强基础研究，加快技术创新和加大勘探投入，相继获得一批重大油气勘探发现。本文阐述了五项重大勘探地质理论认识和两项勘探技术创新成果，探讨了深水油气勘探将要面临的挑战和应对策略，展望了南海北部深水区中深层、潜山及岩性圈闭三大领域的勘探前景。研究指出，南海北部陆缘深水区的拆离作用控制了珠江口盆地和琼东南盆地大型凹陷的形成，发育了湖相、海陆过渡相和海相三套规模烃源岩；高‒ 变地温控制凹陷烃源岩快速生烃，建立了琼东南盆地深水区大型轴向峡谷水道油气成藏模式、白云凹陷深水区深水扇天然气晚期成藏模式和深水区“断‒ 脊”联控油气差异聚集成藏模式。同时自主创新研发了立体震源激发和“犁形”缆接收的宽频采集处理技术。在多项地质理论认识和创新技术的指导下，发现以“深海一号”（陵水17-2）等为代表的一批大中型气田，对于保障粤港澳大湾区能源供应、促进海南自贸区（港）能源绿色发展、推动我国油气增储上产具有重要意义。

关键词：南海北部；深水区；油气勘探；深水天然气

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Genetic diversity and population structure of indigenous chicken breeds in South China

Xunhe HUANG,Jinfeng ZHANG,Danlin HE,Xiquan ZHANG,Fusheng ZHONG,Weina LI,Qingmei ZHENG,Jiebo CHEN,Bingwang DU

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第2期页码 97-101 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2016102

摘要： A total of 587 individuals from 12 indigenous chicken breeds from South China and two commercial breeds were genotyped for 26 microsatellites to investigate the genetic diversity and population structure. All microsatellites were found to be polymorphic. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 5 to 36, with an average of 12.10 ± 7.00 (SE). All breeds, except White Recessive Rock, had high allelic polymorphism (>0.5). Higher genetic diversity was revealed in the indigenous chicken breeds rather than in the commercial breeds. Potential introgression from the commercial breeds into the indigenous chickens was also detected. The population structure of these indigenous chicken breeds could be explained by their geographical distribution, which suggested the presence of independent history of breed formation. Data generated in this study will provide valuable information to the conservation for indigenous chicken breeds in future.

关键词： microsatellites genetic diversity population structure indigenous chicken South China conservation

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Fundamental characteristics of gas hydrate-bearing sediments in the Shenhu area, South China Sea

Xin LYU, Qingping LI, Yang GE, Junlong ZHU, Shouwei ZHOU, Qiang FU

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年第15卷第2期页码 367-373 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0714-z

摘要： The basic physical properties of marine natural gas hydrate deposits are important to the understanding of seabed growth conditions, occurrence regularity, and occurrence environment of natural gas hydrates. A comprehensive analysis of the core samples of drilling pressure-holding hydrate deposits at a depth of 1310 m in the Shenhu area of the South China Sea was conducted. The experimental results indicate that the particle size in the hydrate sediment samples are mainly distributed in the range from 7.81 µm to 21.72µm, and the average particle size decreases as the depth of the burial increases. The X-ray CT analytical images and surface characteristics SEM scan images suggest that the sediment is mostly silty clay. There are a large number of bioplastics in the sediment, and the crack inside the core may be areas of hydrate formation.

关键词： natural gas hydrate Shenhu area reservoirs characteristics

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中国南海油气资源前景

朱伟林,张功成,钟锴,刘宝明

《中国工程科学》 2010年第12卷第5期页码 46-50

摘要：

南海处于欧亚板块、太平洋板块和印—澳板块三大板块的交汇处，经历了复杂的地质作用和演化过程，在其北部、西部和中南部形成了数目众多、类型各异的沉积盆地，石油地质条件优越，油气资源潜力巨大。其中南海北部陆架区已经成为中国近海的主要油气产区之一，陆坡深水区的勘探也获得了重大突破。目前，我国传统疆域内的油气资源正在不断受到南海周边国家的蚕食，因此，应该加快南海地区的油气资源勘探，切实维护国家主权和领土完整。

关键词：南海油气资源石油地质条件深水区国家主权

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“中国南方喀斯特”的世界自然遗产价值对比分析

熊康宁,肖时珍,刘子琦,陈品冬

《中国工程科学》 2008年第10卷第4期页码 17-28

摘要：

从地质地貌特征与演化历史方面，结合世界遗产第viii条评价标准，将“中国南方喀斯特”第一批三个遗产地置于全球视角进行对比研究，揭示其全球显著价值：云南石林形成演化历史最复杂，石柱的形态最丰富，代表一种独特的石林形成演化机制；荔波锥状喀斯特锥峰单体最典型，地貌组合形态最丰富，代表典型的锥状喀斯特地貌特征，反映出大陆热带—亚热带锥状喀斯特的地质演化模式与过程；武隆峡谷喀斯特完整地展示了整个峡谷喀斯特发育演化系统，例证了正在进行的新构造运动背景下峡谷喀斯特系统的演化过程。因此，第一批遗产地代表中国南方喀斯特地区自古生代以来长期、多期演化历史；代表地球热带 —亚热带典型的锥状、石林和峡谷喀斯特地貌特征、形成演化机制及正在进行的地质过程；代表地球三大喀斯特片区之最大片区的独特的自然地理特征。

关键词：世界遗产对比研究中国南方喀斯特

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我国北方地区水资源合理配置与南水北调

潘家铮

《中国工程科学》 2000年第2卷第10期页码 26-32

摘要：

根据我国的水资源状况及可持续发展的需要，从水量丰富的长江流域引水北上的南水北调工程是势在必行和可以做到的。南水北调的原则应是：建立节水型社会，以供定需；合理配置，注意挖潜；东线、中线相辅相成，并非有我无他；编制概算实事求是，力戒“上马概算”；局部利益服从整体利益，暂时利益服从长远利益；坚持水资源统一管理，科学调配，有偿使用；西南调水不现实，宜暂缓。

关键词：水资源可持续发展南水北调

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polybrominated diphenyl ethers, and polychlorinated dibenzo-dioxins/furans at e-waste recycling sites in SouthChina

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年第17卷第7期 doi: 10.1007/s11783-023-1679-z

摘要：

● Heavy metals and organic toxins may persist in legacy sites for a long time.

关键词： E-waste Human health risk Organ risk Heavy metal toxicity PBDE PCDD/F

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水下生产系统在我国南海深水油气田开发的应用与挑战

刘太元,霍成索,李清平,万祥,李文英

《中国工程科学》 2015年第17卷第1期页码 51-55

摘要：

随着各大石油公司对深水油气资源勘探开发投入的不断增加，水下生产系统得到越来越多的应用。水下生产系统灵活性强，可以适应不同的油气田开发方案。在总结分析目前水下生产系统相关技术现状的基础上，指出了未来水下生产系统发展的方向，同时结合我国南海特有的海况和地质条件及深水油气田开发现状，给出了水下生产系统在应用中的困难与挑战及相应的应对措施，对于未来水下生产系统的应用有一定的参考意义。

关键词：深水；水下生产系统；油气田开发；南海开发；应用与挑战

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大西线南水北调虚拟仿真方法论

李伯衡

《中国工程科学》 2003年第5卷第5期页码 19-23

摘要：

南水北调工程已正式列入“十五”计划，近期南水北调工程主要是东线和中线开工建设。文章论述了大西线南水北调的必要性和研究路线；论述了采用数字地球虚拟仿真技术研究西南诸外流主河的调水可行性，包括调水量、地质基础、调水路线优化、环境效益的研究方法和研究路线。

关键词：西线调水虚拟方法论

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我国南海资源开发装备发展研究

田辰玲 ,杨建民 ,林忠钦 ,李欣 ,程正顺 ,柳存根

《中国工程科学》 2023年第25卷第3期页码 84-94 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2023.03.008

摘要：

南海是我国面积最大的海域，超过70%为深海区域，蕴藏着丰富的深海资源，尤其是深海油气、深海矿产等。高温、高湿、高盐是我国南海区别于其他海域的主要特征，研究适用于南海资源开发的海洋装备具有重要的战略意义。本文首先分析总结了国内外主要海洋资源开发装备的发展现状及趋势，详细分析了南海资源开发装备的发展需求与关键技术，提出了南海资源开发装备的发展目标和发展思路等。最后从装备与产业发展角度，提出了南海资源开发装备产业的发展建议：依托海南省建设深海油气开发关键技术研发中心和应急救援中心、深海矿产资源开发装备研发中心、深海养殖示范区和试验区以及国家南海深远海海上综合试验场等，逐步建设“国家深海科技创新中心”“国家深海工程装备保障基地”“国家深海科技产业中心”等。

关键词：南海资源；海洋装备；深海油气资源；深海矿产资源；海上试验场

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Deepwater Hydrocarbon Exploration in China Seas: Yesterday, Today and Tomorrow

Zhi-gang Zhao,Hai-zhang Yang,Wu Tang,Shi-xiang Liu

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2016年第3卷第4期页码 390-395 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2016059

摘要： Deepwater area has been one of the hottest areas in the global hydrocarbon exploration. However, deepwater hydrocarbon exploration in China started late and mainly concentrated in the South China Sea (SCS) with low level of researches. Although there are some achievements, there are even more challenges. For this reason, this paper reviewed the history of deepwater exploration in China Seas and summarized the current exploration situation. The future directions of deepwater hydrocarbon exploration mainly consist of five aspects: establishing key technology system of complex structure and reservoir seismic acquisition and processing in deepwater areas of SCS, clarifying the development mechanism of high quality source rock and establishing matching assessment technology, studying the formation conditions of favorable reservoir and creating reservoir identification technology, improving accumulation theory of large and medium-sized oil and gas field of deepwater, deepening the researches of petroleum geology conditions of middle and south part of SCS. Simultaneously, the concept of portfolio should be utilized in the exploration process, with economic benefits considered. These understandings will help guiding the future deepwater hydrocarbon exploration in China Seas.

关键词： deepwater hydrocarbon exploration China Seas South China Sea Pearl River Mouth Basin Qiongdongnan Basin development directions

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南海富碳天然气直接利用技术发展研究

吴青,于广欣,汤晓玲,张亮亮,郑裕国

《中国工程科学》 2021年第23卷第4期页码 172-181 doi: 10.15302/J-SSCAE-2021.04.020

摘要：

我国南海富碳天然气具有 CO₂ 含量高的特点，高效开发和精准利用南海富碳天然气资源，有助于积极应对气候变化，实现“碳达峰、碳中和”目标。本文分析了南海富碳天然气直接利用的需求和价值，概括了富碳天然气直接利用的发展现状；重点论述了富碳天然气 CO₂-CH₄ 干重整技术、富碳天然气制甲醇一体化技术、富碳天然气 CO₂ 加氢制液体燃料技术、富碳天然气直接制精细化工品技术等的实施过程与应用特征。研究建议，南海富碳天然气资源有其特殊性，应加强研究并实施重点攻关，建立海洋富碳天然气综合利用技术工程化平台，与非化石能源风能、太阳能及核能紧密融合发展，推进南海富碳天然气产业的可持续发展；针对性布局南海富碳天然气产业，加强富碳天然气的开发与利用力度，尽快实现转型升级；建立“产学研用”战略联盟，保障产业与技术合作需求。

关键词：南海富碳天然气干重整 CO2 加氢液体燃料精细化工